µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºLinux½Ì³Ì - LinuxÎÄ»¯ - ½ÌÄãÈçºÎ´Ó FireWire É豸Òýµ¼ Linux

½ÌÄãÈçºÎ´Ó FireWire É豸Òýµ¼ Linux


»ñµÃÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷ÊÇÒ»ÖÖΪ½ÏÀÏÉ豸עÈëÉú»úµÄ¼«ºÃ·½·¨£¬»òÕßÔÊÐíÄúÔÚ²»ÄÜ£¨»ò²»Ï룩¸Ä±äÄÚÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ»úÆ÷ÉÏÔËÐÐ Linux¡£

¼ÙÉèÄúÏëÔÚË«Òýµ¼ÏµÍ³ÖÐʹÓà Linux£¬µ«¼ÆËã»úÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷ÖÐûÓÐÈκοÉÓÿռ䡣һ¸ö½â¾ö·½°¸¾ÍÊÇʹÓ᰻µÄ¡±Linux ·¢Ðа棬Èç Knoppix£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó´Ó CD ÔËÐС£Èç¹ûÊÇż¶ûʹÓã¬ÕâÖÖ·½·¨È·Êµ¿ÉÐУ¬µ«ÊÇËüÓÐÐí¶àÑÏÖصÄȱµã£º

- ÄúÈÔÐèҪһЩÊý¾ÝÎļþµÄÓÀ¾Ã´æ´¢¡£Èç¹û½öʹÓ÷dz£Ð¡µÄÎļþ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÈíÅÌ£»¶ÔÓÚÖеȴóСµÄÎļþ£¬USB ÉÁ´æÅÌ¿ÉÄܾÍ×ã¹»ÁË£¬µ«ÊÇËüÃǶ¼²»ÊÇÀíÏëµÄ·½·¨¡£

- µ±Ê¹Ó᰻µÄ¡±CD ʱ£¬Òª°²×°×Ô¼ºµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò»ò¶¨ÖÆÏÖÓÐÓ¦ÓóÌÐò»á·Ç³£À§ÄÑ£¬ÉõÖÁ²»¿ÉÄÜ¡£

- ʹÓû·¢Ðаæ»á½µµÍÐÔÄÜ£¬×îÏÔÖøµÄ¾ÍÊǵ±Æô¶¯¼ì²âËùÓÐÉ豸ʱ ¡ª¡ª µ«ÔËÐÐʱҲ»á½µµÍÐÔÄÜ£¨ÒòΪËùÓж«Î÷¶¼±ØÐë´Ó CD ¼ÓÔØ£¬Õâͨ³£Òª±È´ÓÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷¼ÓÔØÂýµÃ¶à£©¡£

×ÔÈ»£¬»¹ÓÐÆäËûÑ¡Ôñ¡£ÀýÈ磬¿ÉÒÔÂòÆäËûÄÚÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷²¢ÔÚÆäÖа²×° Linux¡£µ«³£¼ûµÄÇé¿öÊÇ£¬»úÆ÷ÖпÉÄÜûÓÐÈκοÉÓõÄÇý¶¯Æ÷Íмܣ¨±Ê¼Ç±¾µçÄÔ¸üÊÇÈç´Ë£¬Ëüͨ³£½öÔÊÐíÒ»¸öÄÚÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷£©¡£

»òÕߣ¬Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓøü´óµÄÇý¶¯Æ÷Ìæ´úµ±Ç°µÄÇý¶¯Æ÷£¬²¢ÔÚÓɴ˵õ½µÄ¶îÍâ¿Õ¼äÖа²×° Linux¡£²»¹ý£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö»¨·Ñʱ¼äµÄÑ¡Ôñ£¬ÒòΪËüÐèÒªÄúÔÚеÄÇý¶¯Æ÷ÉÏÖØа²×°ÏÖÓÐ OS ϵͳ£¬ÖØа²×°ºÍÖØÐÂÅäÖÃËùÓÐÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¼°»¹Ô­ËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¡£

Ò»ÖÖ¸üºÃµÄ½â¾ö·½°¸ÊǹºÂòÍâÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷£¬²¢ÔÚÆäÖа²×° Linux¡£ÕâʹÄú¿ÉÒÔ²»¸ü¸ÄÏÖÓÐÓ²¼þºÍÈí¼þ£¬½öÔÚÏëʹÓà Linux µÄʱºòÁ¬½ÓÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷¼´¿É¡£

¿ÉÒƶ¯Çý¶¯Æ÷Ñ¡Ïî

¿ÉÔÚÆäÖа²×° Linux µÄÒƶ¯É豸µÄ·¶Î§°üÀ¨´ÓÈíÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷µ½ USB ÉÁ´æÉ豸£¬ÔÙµ½ USB/FireWire Ó²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷µÈµÈ¡£

ËäÈ»µÄÈ·¿ÉÄܽ« Linux °²×°ÔÚСÈÝÁ¿µÄÉ豸ÖУ¬Èç 1.44 MB ÈíÅÌ»ò 32 MB USB ÅÌ£¬µ«ÕâЩͨ³££¨±ØÈ»£©¶¼ÊÇרÃŵľ­¹ýËõ¼õµÄ·¢Ðа棬ÀýÈ磬ÓÃÓÚÕü¾ÈË𻵵ݲװ¡£

²»¹ý£¬ÍâÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷ÒÔºÏÀíµÄ³É±¾ÎªÍ¨ÓÃµÄ Linux ·¢ÐаæÌṩ×î¶àµÄÁé»îÐÔ¡£

ÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷À´×ÔÐí¶à²»Í¬µÄÖÆÔìÉÌ£¨Maxtor¡¢Western Digital µÈµÈ£©£¬¿ÉÒÔÓи÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ´óС¡£ÕâЩÇý¶¯Æ÷¶¼°üº¬Ò»¸öÍâÖúУ¬·ÅÖñê×¼ 3-1/2 Ó¢´ç»ò 2-1/2 Ó¢´ç IDE Çý¶¯Æ÷¡£ÕâЩÇý¶¯Æ÷ͨ³£¶¼Í¨¹ý USB »ò IEEE1394£¨FireWire£©Á¬½Óµ½¼ÆËã»úÉÏ¡£

USB ÓÐÁ½¸öÖ÷Òª°æ±¾£¬1.1 ºÍ 2.0¡£°æ±¾ 1.1 ×î´ó´«ÊäËÙ¶ÈΪ 12 Mbit/s£¨Õ×±ÈÌØ/Ã룩£¬¶ø°æ±¾ 2.0 Ö§³Ö×î¸ß´ï 480 Mbit/s µÄ´«ÊäËٶȡ£ËäÈ»´ó¶àÊý¼æÈÝ 2.0 µÄÇý¶¯Æ÷¶¼¿ÉÏòºó¼æÈÝ 1.1£¬µ«ÊÇÒ»°ã×îºÃ±ÜÃâʹÓà 1.1£¬³ý·Ç±ðÎÞÑ¡Ôñ£¨ÒòΪËüµÄËٶȱȽÏÂý£©¡£

FireWire ±ê×¼»¹¶¨ÒåÁËÐí¶à²»Í¬µÄ¿ÉÄÜËٶȣ¬µ«ÊÇʵ¼ÊÉÏ£¬ÎÞÂÛºÎʱÈËÃÇ˵µ½ FireWire£¬ËûÃǶ¼ÊÇÖ¸¡°FireWire400¡±£¬ËüÖ§³Ö×î¸ß´ï 400 Mbit/s µÄ´«Êä¡£

´ÓËÙ¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ÔÚ USB 2.0 ºÍ FireWire Ö®¼äûʲô¿ÉÑ¡ÔñµÄ£ºËäÈ» USB 2.0 ±¨³öµÄËٶȽϸߣ¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏÒòΪЭÒ鲻ͬ£¬ËüÃǶ¼ÊDz¶àµÄ¡£Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¼ÆËã»úÁ½Õ߶¼ÓУ¬»òÐíʹÓà USB ¸üºÃ£¬¶ø²»ÊÇ FireWire£¨ºóÃæÎһὲÃ÷Ô­Òò£©£¬µ«ÊÇÈç¹û½öÓÐ FireWire£¬Ôòµ±È»Ö»ÄÜÑ¡Ôñ FireWire¡£ÎªÁË»ñµÃ×î´óµÄÁé»îÐÔ£¬´Ó´óÁ¿Ö§³Ö USB 2.0 ºÍ FireWire µÄÇý¶¯Æ÷ÖÐÑ¡ÔñÒ»¸ö£¨±ÈÈ磬ÎÒÔÚ±¾ÎÄÉÔºóʹÓõÄÇý¶¯Æ÷£©¡£

¶ÔÓÚûÓÐËùÐè¶Ë¿Ú¡¢PCI£¨¶ÔÓŲ́ʽµçÄÔ£©ºÍ PCMCIA£¨¶ÔÓڱʼDZ¾µçÄÔ£©µÄ¼ÆËã»ú£¬¿ÉÒԺܱãÒ˵ØÂòµ½ FireWire ºÍ USB 2.0 ¿¨£ºÀýÈ磬ÎÒÔÚ±¾ÎĺóÃæʹÓÃµÄ PCMCIA FireWire ¿¨´ó¸ÅÊÇÓà 10 GBP£¨²»µ½ 20 ÃÀÔª£©Âòµ½µÄ¡£

ΪÁËÍê³É±¾ÎÄ£¬ÎÒ¹ºÂòÁË 5-1/4 Ó¢´çÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷ºÐ¡£ÕâÊǷdz£Áé»îµÄÅ̺У¬Ëü²»ÓëÈκÎÇý¶¯Æ÷Ò»ÆðÌṩ£¬¿ÉÒÔ×°ÈëÈκαê×¼ IDE É豸£¬°üÀ¨ 3-1/2 Ó¢´çÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷ºÍ 5-1/4 Ó¢´ç IDE É豸£¬Èç CD-RW/DVD-RW Çý¶¯Æ÷¡£¸ÃÅ̺оßÓÐ USB 2.0 ºÍ FireWire Á¬½Ó¡£

ΪÁ˽«Å̺ÐÁ¬½Óµ½ÎÒµÄ IBM Thinkpad T30 ±Ê¼Ç±¾µçÄÔ£¬ÎÒ»¹¹ºÂòÁË PCMCIA FireWire ¿¨£¨ÄÚÖà USB ¶Ë¿Ú½öÖ§³Ö USB 1.1£©¡£

ÅÌºÐºÍ FireWire ¿¨¶¼±È½Ï±ãÒË£¨·Ö±ðÊÇ 50 GBP ºÍ 10 GBP£©¡£

³öÓÚ²âÊÔÄ¿µÄ£¬ÎÒ½«Å̺ÐÓëÎÒ×¼±¸µÄ 13GB 3-1/2 Ó¢´ç IDE Çý¶¯Æ÷Á¬½Ó ¡ª¡ª ÔÚʵ¼ÊʹÓÃʱ£¬ÎһṺÂò¸ü´óÈÝÁ¿µÄÇý¶¯Æ÷£¬ÕâЩÇý¶¯Æ÷ÏÖÔÚÒ²·Ç³£±ãÒË£¨´óԼÿ GB 50 GBP£¡£© Linux Ö§³Ö

ÕýÈçÄú¿ÉÄÜÆÚÍûµÄÄÇÑù£¬Linux ¶ÔÕâЩÅ̺еÄÖ§³ÖȷʵºÜºÃ¡£ÈκÎ×ñÊØ¡°´óÈÝÁ¿´æ´¢É豸¡±µÄ SBP£¨Serial Bus Protocol£©±ê×¼µÄÉ豸¶¼¿ÉÒÔºÜÈÝÒ×µØÓë Linux Ò»ÆðʹÓá£

Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬ÒªÆôÓöÔÕâЩÉ豸µÄÖ§³Ö£¬ÄÚºËÐèÒªÖ§³ÖÐí¶àÄÚÈÝ£¨Ö±½Ó±àÒë»òͨ¹ýÄ£¿é£©¡£

¶ÔÓÚ USB ºÍ FireWire£¬SBP É豸֧³Ö¶¼Í¨¹ý SCSI ·ÂÕæʵÏÖ ¡ª¡ª ¼´£¬É豸ÏÔʾ¸ø Linux ¾ÍºÃÏñËüÃÇÊÇ SCSI ´ÅÅÌÒ»Ñù¡£ÕâÊÇÔÚ Linux ÖгéÏó´æ´¢É豸µÄÒ»ÖÖͨÓ÷½·¨£¨ÀýÈ磬IDE CD/DVD Çý¶¯Æ÷Ҳͨ³£Ê¹Óà SCSI ·ÂÕæÁ¬½Ó£©¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÐèÒªÏÂÁÐÄÚºËÖ§³Ö£º

- SCSI Ö§³Ö

- SCSI ·ÂÕæ

- SCSI ´ÅÅÌÖ§³Ö

ÁíÍ⣬¸ù¾ÝÁ¬½Ó·½·¨£¬»¹»áÐèÒªÏÂÁÐÖ§³Ö£º

- ¶ÔÓÚ FireWire£º

- IEEE1394 Ö§³Ö

- OHCI1394 Ö§³Ö

- RAW1394 Ö§³Ö

- SBP-2 Ö§³Ö

- ¶ÔÓÚ USB£º

- £¨Ö÷»ú¶Ë£©USB Ö§³Ö

- OHCI Ö§³Ö

- UHCI Ö§³Ö

- USB ´óÈÝÁ¿´æ´¢Ö§³Ö

ÏÔÈ»£¬Äú±ØÐëÍêÈ«Õý³£Ö§³ÖÆäËûÓ²¼þ£¨ÏÔ¿¨µÈµÈ£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÄúʵ¼ÊµÄÓ²¼þÇé¿ö£¬¿ÉÄÜ»¹ÐèҪһЩÆäËûÄ£¿é¡£

ÀýÈ磬ÎÒʹÓà PCMCIA (cardbus) FireWire ¿¨£¬ËùÒÔÐèÒªÌí¼Ó£º

- PCMCIA Ö§³Ö

- cardbus Ö§³Ö

°²×°

ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÓÐÁËÍâÖÃÉ豸£¬½«¿ªÊ¼ÔÚÆäÖа²×° Linux¡£

ÏÖÔÚ°²×° Linux µÄ×îÈÝÒ׵ķ½·¨£¨µ±È»ÊÇÎҵĹ۵㣩ÊÇÁ¬½ÓËùÓÐÓ²¼þ£¨ÔÚÕâÀ°üº¬²åÈë PCMCIA FireWire ¿¨¡¢½« FireWire ÏßÀÂÁ¬µ½ PCMCIA ¿¨ºÍÇý¶¯Æ÷ÉÏ¡¢´ò¿ªÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄµçÔ´¿ª¹Ø£©£»È»ºóʹÓÃÄúÑ¡ÔñµÄ·¢ÐаæµÄ°²×° CD À´Òýµ¼¼ÆËã»ú¡£

ÎÒÑ¡ÔñµÄ·¢ÐаæÊÇ Gentoo£¨Çë²ÎÔIJο¼×ÊÁÏ»ñµÃÏà¹ØÁ´½Ó£©£¬ËùÒÔÎÒʹÓÃ×îеġ°Universal¡± x86 Live CD (2004.1)¡£ÆäËû·¢ÐаæËùÐèµÄ²½ÖèÓ¦¸Ã»á±ÈÕâÀï½²ÊöµÄ²½Öè¶à»òÕßÉÙ¡£

Ò»µ©ÒѾ­Ê¹Óð²×° CD Òýµ¼£¬Èç¹ûÐÒÔ˵Ļ°£¬ËüÓ¦¸ÃÒѾ­Ê¶±ðÁËÄúµÄÇý¶¯Æ÷¡£Çý¶¯Æ÷Ó¦¸ÃÏÔʾΪ /dev/sdX ϵĴÅÅÌ£¬ÆäÖÐ X ÊÇ´Ó¡°a¡±¿ªÊ¼µÄСд×Öĸ¡£ÔÚÎÒµÄϵͳÖУ¬ÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷±»¼ì²âΪ /dev/sda£¬µ«ÊÇÈç¹ûÄúÓÐÆäËû SCSI ´ÅÅÌ£¨Ä£ÄâµÄ SCSI ´ÅÅÌ£©£¬Õ⽫·¢Éú±ä»¯£»ÔÚÄÇÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Ëü¿ÉÄÜÊÇ /dev/sdb »òÆäËû×Öĸ¡£Èç¹ûÇý¶¯Æ÷ûÓб»×Ô¶¯¼ì²â£¬¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª½øÒ»²½µÄ²½Öè ¡ª¡ª ÀýÈ磬Äú¿ÉÄܱØÐëͨ¹ýÒýµ¼Ñ¡ÏîÀ´ÆôÓà FireWire »ò PCMCIA£¬»òÕß¿ÉÄܱØÐëÊÖ¹¤¼ÓÔØһЩÄÚºËÄ£¿é»òÀàËƵÄÆäËûÏÇë²ÎÔIJο¼×ÊÁÏ»ñµÃ¹ÊÕÏÅųýÖ¸ÄϵÄÁ´½Ó£©¡£

Ò»µ©Çý¶¯Æ÷ÒѾ­±»Ê¶±ð£¬¾Í¿¼ÂÇ°²×°µÄÆäÓಿ·Ö¶øÑÔ£¬ËüÓ¦¸ÃȷʵÏñÄÚÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷Ò»ÑùÔËת£»ËùÒÔÄúÓ¦¸Ã¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª¶ÔÆä½øÐзÖÇøºÍÏñƽ³£Ò»Ñù°²×° Linux¡£

²»¹ý£¬ÌáÐÑÒ»¾ä£ºµ±¾ö¶¨°²×°Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐò£¨Í¨³£ÊÇ GRUB »ò LILO£©µÄλÖÃʱһ¶¨ÒªÐ¡ÐÄ ¡ª¡ª ÎÒ½¨Òé²»Òª½«Æä°²×°ÔÚ Master Boot Record (MBR)£¨Í¨³£Ä¬ÈϾÍÊÇÕâÑù£©ÖС£¶øÊÇÓ¦¸Ã°²×°ÔÚÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ¸ù·ÖÇø£¨»òÒýµ¼·ÖÇø£¬Èç¹ûʹÓõ¥¶ÀµÄÒýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐò£©ÖС£

ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÒѾ­ÔÚÉ豸Öа²×°ÁË Linux£¬½Ó×ÅÒªÒýµ¼ Linux¡£´ÓÕâÀï¿ÉÒÔ¿ªÊ¼ÓÐһЩ¼¼ÇÉ¡£

Òýµ¼

ÔÚÌÖÂÛÒýµ¼ÐµÄÇý¶¯Æ÷֮ǰ£¬ÐèÒªÁ˽âһЩÒýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐòÀíÂÛ¡£

Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐòͨ³£°²×°ÔÚ¼ÆËã»úµÚÒ»¸öÓ²ÅÌµÄ MBR ÖС£µ÷ÓÃÒýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐòʱ£¨BIOS ×Ô¶¯Ö´ÐÐ MBR ÖеĴúÂ룩£¬Ëüͨ³£ÏÔʾ¿ÉÒÔÒýµ¼µÄ OS µÄ²Ëµ¥¡£Ñ¡ÔñÒ»¸ö¸ø¶¨ OS Òýµ¼¡£

¹ØÓڴ˳¡¾°Ó¦¸Ã×¢ÒâÁ½µã£º

- OS Ñ¡Ôñ²Ëµ¥£¨Í¨³££©´Ó´ÅÅ̼ÓÔØ¡£

- ÒªÒýµ¼Ïà¹Ø OS£¬Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐòÐèÒª´Ó´ÅÅ̶ÁÈ¡Ïà¹ØÄںˡ£

ÓÉÓÚÒÔÉϲÙ×÷ÔÚ¼ÓÔØ OS ֮ǰ·¢Éú£¬ËüÒâζ×ÅËùÓдÅÅ̶ÁÈ¡¶¼±ØÐëͨ¹ý BIOS µ÷Óõķ½Ê½·¢Éú¡£Õâ»áÉæ¼°ÑÏÖصÄÎÊÌ⣺¼´ÎªÁËÖ±½ÓÒýµ¼´ÅÅÌ£¬ÄúµÄ BIOS ±ØÐëÖ§³Öͨ¹ý FireWire »ò USB Á¬½ÓµÄ´ÅÅÌ¡£Õâͨ³£¿ÉÒÔ¿´×÷´ÓÕâЩÀàÐ͵ĴÅÅÌÒýµ¼µÄÒ»¸ö BIOS Ñ¡Ïʵ¼ÊÉÏ FireWire BIOS Ö§³Öµ±Ç°ºÜÉÙ¼û£¬µ« USB Ö§³ÖÕýÔÚ±äµÃÏ൱Æձ顣Òò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÄúÔÚÏà¶Ô½ÏеļÆËã»úÖÐʹÓà USB£¬Ó¦¸Ã¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÔÚ Linux ÖÐÒýµ¼Çý¶¯Æ÷¡£

ÔÚÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ MBR Öа²×°ÁË GRUB Ö®ºó£¬µ±Í¨¹ý USB Á¬½Óʱ£¬ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÒýµ¼¸ÃÇý¶¯Æ÷¡£µ±Òýµ¼Á¬½ÓµÄ´ÅÅÌʱºÜ¼òµ¥µØ½øÈëÁË BIOS ÉèÖóÌÐò¡£ÍâÖôÅÅ̽«ÏÔʾΪÆÕͨµÄÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷£ºÒƶ¯¸Ã´ÅÅÌʹËüÔÚÒýµ¼Ë³ÐòÖÐλÓÚÄÚÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷֮ǰ¡£

ÎÒÒ²¿ÉÒÔÔÚÄÚÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ MBR Öа²×°Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐò£¬²¢Ê¹ÓÃËüÒýµ¼ USB Çý¶¯Æ÷£¨ÕâʱËüÔÚ GRUB ÖÐÏÔʾΪ hd1 in GRUB£©¡£Èç¹ûÄúʹÓà FireWire£¬ÓпÉÄÜ BIOS ²»ÄÜÖ±½ÓÒýµ¼Çý¶¯Æ÷£¬½«ÐèҪһЩÆäËû²Ù×÷¡£

ÐÒÔ˵ØÊÇ£¬ÒòΪ Linux µÄÁé»îÐÔ£¬Èç¹ûÄú²»ÄÜÖ±½ÓÒýµ¼£¨Ê¹Óà PCMCIA FireWire ¿¨£¬ÎÒµÄÇé¿ö¿Ï¶¨ÊÇÕâÑù£¡£©£¬»áÓÐÏ൱¼òµ¥µÄ½â¾ö·½°¸¡£¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÖ§³ÖµÄÉ豸£¨ÈçÈíÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷¡¢CD¡¢USB key »òÖ÷Çý¶¯Æ÷ÉϵÄ΢С·ÖÇø£©Ö´ÐгõʼÒýµ¼²½Ö裬ȻºóʹÓÃÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷½øÐÐÆäËû²Ù×÷¡£

¹¹½¨Òýµ¼Ó³Ïñ

¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨Òýµ¼£º

? Ò»½×¶ÎÒýµ¼

ÄÚºËÒýµ¼¡¢°²×°¸ùÎļþϵͳ£¬²¢Í¨¹ýµ÷Óóõʼ»¯½Å±¾£¨Í¨³£ÊÇ /sbin/init£©¼ÌÐø½øÐгõʼ»¯¡£

? Á½½×¶Î£¨initrd£©Òýµ¼

ÄÚºËÒýµ¼¡¢°²×°³õʼ ram ´ÅÅÌ£¨initrd£©£¬Ö´ÐнøÒ»²½µÄ¿É¶¨ÖƳõʼ»¯£¬È»ºó°²×°¸ùÎļþϵͳ²¢¼ÌÐø½øÐгõʼ»¯£¨Í¨³£Ò²ÊÇͨ¹ýµ÷Óà /sbin/init£©

ÕâÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨¶¼ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÓŵãºÍȱµã¡£

Ò»½×¶ÎÒýµ¼

ΪÁËʹÓÃÒ»½×¶ÎÒýµ¼£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª¹¹½¨Äںˣ¬Æä¾ßÓа²×°ÄÚÖøùÎļþϵͳËùÐèµÄËùÓÐÇý¶¯Æ÷£¨ÆäËûÈκÎÇý¶¯Æ÷¶¼¿ÉÒÔÔÚÕý³£³õʼ»¯¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÔÚÄܹ»´Ó¸ù·ÖÇø¼ÓÔصÄÄ£¿éÖй¹½¨£©¡£

Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇÒª´Ó·Ç³£Ð¡µÄÉ豸Òýµ¼£¨ÈçÈíÅÌ£©£¬×îºÃµÄ·½·¨Êǹ¹½¨µÄÄں˽ö¾ßÓÐ×㹻ʹÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ°²×°¸ùÍâÖÃÎļþϵͳµÄÄÚÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷ ¡ª¡ª È»ºó½«ÆäËûËùÓÐÏî¹¹½¨ÎªÄ£¿é¡£ÀýÈ磬ÎÒÄÚÖÃÁË SCSI Ö§³Ö¡¢PCMCIA Ö§³Ö¡¢IEE1394¡¢SBP ºÍÀàËÆÖ§³Ö£¬µ«ÊÇÆäËûËùÓÐÏ°üÀ¨ÏÔ¿¨Ö§³Ö¡¢ÍøÂçÉ豸֧³ÖµÈµÈ£©¶¼×÷Ϊģ¿é¹¹½¨£¬ÕâЩģ¿é´æ´¢ÔÚ¸ù·ÖÇø£¨ÔÚÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷ÉÏ£©ÖУ¬¶ø²»ÊÇÈíÅÌÉÏ¡£

ʹÓüòµ¥£¨Ò»½×¶Î£©Òýµ¼¹ý³Ì£¬ÎÒÃÇÓ¦¸ÃÄܹ»¹¹½¨¾ßÓÐËùÐèÖ§³ÖµÄÄںˣ¬½«Æä·ÅÔÚÈíÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷ÖУ¬ÔÚÈíÅÌÖа²×°Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐò£¨ÎÒʹÓà GRUB£¬µ«»¹ÓÐÆäËûÑ¡Ôñ£¬Èç LILO£©£¬È»ºóʹÓÃÓë´ËÄںˣ¨¶ÔÓÚ GRUB£©ÏàËƵÄÄÚºËÒýµ¼£º

root (fd0)

kernel (fd0)/boot/bzImage root=/dev/sda1

ÕâÖÖ·½·¨»ù±¾ÉÏ¿ÉÒÔ¹¤×÷£¬µ«ÓÐÁ½¸öÎÊÌ⣺

1. ÒòΪ SBP Ö§³ÖʹÓà SCSI ·ÂÕ棬ΪÁ˼ì²â´ÅÅ̺ÍÔÊÐí°²×° /dev/sda1£¬ÐèÒª¡°ÖØÐÂɨÃ衱·ÂÕæµÄ SCSI ×ÜÏß¡£ÕâÖÖɨÃèʹÓÃÒ»×é¼òµ¥µÄÃüÁîÖ´ÐС£²»¹ý£¬Òź¶µÄÊÇ£¬Ê¹ÓÃÒ»½×¶ÎÒýµ¼£¬ÎÒÃDz»ÄÜÔËÐÐÈκÎÃüÁֱµ½ÄÚºËÒѾ­Íê³ÉÒýµ¼£¬¶øÄÚºËÖ±µ½°²×°Á˸ùÎļþϵͳ²ÅÄÜÍê³ÉÒýµ¼ ¡ª¡ª µäÐ͵Ä×ÔÏàì¶ÜÀ§¾³¡£ÁîÈ˸е½¸ßÐ˵ÄÊÇ£¬¶ÔÓÚµ¼Ö SCSI ×ÜÏßÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±±»É¨ÃèµÄ 2.4 ÄÚºËÓпÉÓõÄÐÞ²¹³ÌÐò£¨Óйظü¶àÏêϸÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²ÎÔIJο¼×ÊÁÏ£©¡£Í¨¹ýÓ¦ÓôËÐÞ²¹³ÌÐò£¬ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔʹÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷ÔÚÒýµ¼¹ý³ÌÖÐÓÉÄÚºË×Ô¶¯¼ì²â£¬¶ø²»ÐèÒªÈκÎÖØÐÂɨÃèÃüÁî¡£ÕâʹÎÒÃǽøÈëÁËÏÂÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ¡£

2. ÄÚºËÖÐÓж¨Ê±´°¿Ú£¬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÄں˾­³£ÔÚÆäÄܹ»±»ÕýÈ·µÄ¼à²âºÍ³õʼ»¯Ö®Ç°³¢ÊÔ°²×°¸ùÉ豸¡£¶ÔÓÚ´ËÎÊÌ⣬ҲÓпÉÓõÄÐÞ²¹³ÌÐò£¨Çë²ÎÔIJο¼×ÊÁÏ»ñµÃÏà¹ØÁ´½Ó£©£¬ËüÖ»ÊÇʹÄÚºËÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±µÈ´ýºÜ¶ÌµÄʱ¼ä£¬²¢Ê¹ÆäÔÚ°²×°¸ùÎļþϵͳʧ°ÜʱÖØÊÔ£¨ÎªÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷Ìṩʱ¼äʶ±ð£©¡£

ͨ¹ýÓ¦ÓÃÕâÁ½¸öÐÞ²¹³ÌÐò£¬ÎÒ¿ÉÒԳɹ¦µØÔÚ¿ÉÒýµ¼ÈíÅÌÉϹ¹½¨Äںˣ¬Æ佫Òýµ¼£¬È»ºóʹÓÃÍâÖà FireWire Çý¶¯Æ÷×÷Ϊ¸ù¡£

ÕâÖÖ·½·¨µÄÖ÷ÒªÎÊÌâÊÇÐèÒªÎÒÃǸøÄÚºËÔ´Âë´ò²¹¶¡ ¡ª¡ª Õâ×î¶àÊÇÒ»¼þÍ´¿à֮ʣ¨µ±·¢ÐÐеÄÄں˰汾ʱ£©£¬ÑÏÖØʱ»áÊǸö´óÎÊÌ⣨Èç¹ûûÓÐά»¤²¹¶¡³ÌÐòÓëÄں˷¢ÉúµÄÆäËû¸ü¸Ä±£³ÖÒ»ÖµĻ°£©

Äú¿ÉÄÜÒѾ­Ïëµ½Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇµÄ BIOS Ö§³Ö USB »ò FireWire ÇÒÎÒÃÇÖ±½ÓÒýµ¼£¬ÎÒÃǾͿÉÒÔ±ÜÃâÕâÁ½¸öÎÊÌâ¡£²»ÐÒµÄÊÇ£¬Çé¿ö²¢²»ÊÇÕâÑù£ºËäÈ»´Ë·½·¨ÔÚÒýµ¼¹ý³ÌÖÐʹÓà BIOS µ÷ÓÃÀ´·ÃÎÊ´ÅÅÌ£¬Ò»µ©Äں˿ªÊ¼³õʼ»¯£¬½«²»ÔÙʹÓà BIOS£¬¶øÊÇʹÓÃÄÚºËÇý¶¯Æ÷·ÃÎÊ´ÅÅÌ¡¡¡ª¡ª ÕâÑù¾Í»áÓöµ½ÏàͬµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

Á½½×¶ÎÒýµ¼

µ½ÁËÄں˰汾 2.0.X£¬Ïò Linux ÄÚºËÌí¼ÓÁËÒ»ÏîÒýÈË×¢ÒâµÄÄÜÁ¦ ¡ª¡ª ʹÓá°initial RAM disk¡±£¨»ò initrd£©ÌṩÁ½½×¶ÎÒýµ¼¹ý³Ì¡£

¼ò¶øÑÔÖ®£¬ÄÚºËÏñƽ³£Ò»ÑùÒýµ¼£»µ«²»°²×°¡°ÕæʵµÄ¡±¸ùÎļþϵͳ£¬¶øÊÇÔÚ RAM Öд´½¨Î¢Ð͸ùÎļþϵͳ²¢°²×°¸Ãϵͳ¡£ÔÚ°²×°ÕæʵµÄ¸ù¡¢Çл»ÎªÊ¹ÓÃÕæʵµÄ¸ù²¢Ïú»Ù initial RAM disk ֮ǰ£¬Èκβ½Ö趼¿ÉÒÔÔڴ˳õʼ»·¾³ÖÐÖ´ÐС£

ÕâÔÚ¸÷ÖÖ»·¾³Öж¼ÓÐÓ㬵«ÊÇΪÁ˱ãÓÚ˵Ã÷£¬ÎÒÃǽ«½öʹÓÃÎÒÃǵÄÃÔÄã»·¾³ÖØÐÂɨÃè SCSI ×ÜÏߣ¬µÈ´ýÍâÖôÅÅ̱»Ê¶±ð£¬È»ºóÇл»ÎªÊ¹ÓøôÅÅÌ×÷ΪÕæʵµÄ¸ù¼ÌÐøÒýµ¼¡£

ΪÁËʹÓÃÕâÖÖ·½·¨£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª´´½¨Á½ÏÄÚºËºÍ initrd Ó³Ïñ¡£

Äں˾ÍÊǾßÓÐÄÚÖà initrd Ö§³ÖµÄÆÕͨÄںˡ£initrd Ó³ÏñÊÇ°üº¬ÎÒÃǵÄÃÔÄã¸ùÎļþϵͳµÄ»ØËÍÎļþϵͳӳÏñ£¨´ËÓ³Ïñ¿ÉÒÔʹÓà gzip ½øÐÐѹËõÒÔ¼õÉÙÆä´óС£©¡£

Óйش´½¨»ò¶¨ÖÆ×Ô¼ºµÄ initrd Ó³ÏñµÄÏêϸÐÅÏ¢£¬¿ÉÒԲ鿴²Î¿¼×ÊÁϲ¿·Ö¡£

ÔÚ initrd Ó³ÏñÖУ¬ÓÐÒ»¸öÃûΪ linuxrc µÄÎļþ¡£µ±¼ÓÔØ initrd ʱ»áÖ´ÐдËÎļþ£¬ËùÒÔÈ·±£Æä¾ßÓÐÖ´ÐÐȨÏÞ£¡ÎÒÃÇΪÁ˽øÐÐ˵Ã÷£¬ËùÒÔ linuxrc ·Ç³£¼òµ¥£º

Çåµ¥1. initrd linuxrc

#!/bin/sh REAL_ROOT=/dev/sda1 # mount the /proc filesystem mount -t proc none /proc #for scsi-emulation # modprobe sd_mod #for pcmcia # modprobe pcmcia_core #for FireWire # modprobe ieee1394 # modprobe ohci1394 # modprobe raw1394 # modprobe sbp2 #for USB # modprobe usbcore # modprobe ohci-hcd # modprobe uhci-hcd# modprobe usb-storage # loop rescanning the scsi bus + rerunning devfsd retries=5 i=1 until [ -e $REAL_ROOT ] do if [ $i -gt $retries ] then echo "Unable to mount real root ($REAL_ROOT) - Giving up!" /bin/ash exit fi echo "Real root ($REAL_ROOT) not found, retrying ($i)" sleep 1 echo "scsi addsingle-device 0 0 0" > /proc/scsi /scsi echo "scsi add-single-device 1 0 0"> /proc/scsi/scsi echo "scsi add- single-device 2 0"> /proc/scsi/scsi /bin/devfsd /dev -np i=$((i+1)) done #umount /proc asit will be remounted by the normal init process umount /proc #now we simply exit, and the normal boot process should continue exit 0

ÎÒÃÇ×öµÄËùÓвÙ×÷¶¼ÊǼÓÔØÊʵ±µÄÄ£¿éÀ´Ö§³ÖÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷£ºËüÃÇÓ¦¸Ã¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª±»½â×¢¡££¨ÎÒÔÚÄÚºËÖй¹½¨ÁËËùÓбØÐèµÄÖ§³Ö£¬Òò´Ë²»ÐèÒªÈκÎÄ£¿é¡££©È»ºóÎÒÃǽøÐÐÑ­»·£¬ÖØÐÂɨÃè SCSI ×ÜÏߣ¨Í¨¹ý½«ÃüÁî»ØË͵½ /proc pseudo-filesystem ÖеÄÌØÊâÎļþ£¬²¢µ÷Óà devfsd£©£¬Ö±µ½³öÏÖ¸ùÉ豸£¨ÎÒµÄÀý×ÓÖÐΪ /dev/sda1£©¡£ÔÚÎÒµÄÀý×ÓÖУ¬ÌÖÂ۵ķÂÕæ FireWire SCSI ×ÜÏßÊÇ 1 0 0£¬²»¹ýÒ²¿ÉÒÔ³¢ÊÔÆäËûµÄ£¬¶ø²»»áÓÐÈκθºÃæÓ°Ïì ¡ª¡ª Èç¹ûÄúÖªµÀҪʹÓõÄ×ÜÏߣ¬¿ÉÒԲüô½Å±¾¡£Í¬Ñù£¬Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÆäËû SCSI É豸£¨»ò·ÂÕæ SCSI É豸£©£¬Çý¶¯Æ÷¿ÉÄÜ»áÓв»Í¬µÄ×Öĸ£¨ÀýÈ磬/dev/sdb1£©¡£Èç¹û²»Ê¹ÓÃÍâÖÃÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄµÚÒ»¸ö·ÖÇø£¬ÔòÐèҪʹÓò»Í¬µÄ±àºÅ£¨ÀýÈ磬/dev/sda2£©¡£

ÏÖÔÚËùÐèÒª×öµÄ¾ÍÊǽ«Ïà¹ØÎļþ¸´ÖƵ½ initrd Ó³ÏñÖУ¨¿ÉÒÔʹÓà mount -o loop ÃüÁװδѹËõµÄÓ³Ïñ£©¡£ÌرðµØ£¬ÐèҪȷ±£¾ßÓÐ linuxrc Îļþ¡¢ÔÚÆäÖÐʹÓõÄËùÓÐÃüÁîºÍÄÇЩÃüÁîÒÀ¿¿µÄËùÓп⡣Ȼºó£¬£¨Î´×°Ôصģ©Ó³Ïñ¿ÉÒÔ½øÐÐѹËõ¡£

½Ó×Å°ÑÄںˣ¨bzImage£©ºÍ initrd Ó³Ïñ£¨initrd.gz£©¸´ÖƵ½£¨bootable, ext3£©ÈíÅÌÖС£

×îºóÒ»²½ÊÇÔÚÈíÅÌÖа²×°Òýµ¼¼ÓÔسÌÐò£¬²¢Ê¹ÓÃÏÂÁÐÑ¡ÏîÒýµ¼Äںˣºkernel bzImage root=/dev/sda1 initrd=initrd.gz¡£

ÏÖÔÚÓ¦¸Ã¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÈíÅ̽øÐÐÒýµ¼£ºËü½«´ÓÈíÅ̼ÓÔØÄںˣ¬½« initrd Ó³Ïñ¼ÓÔص½ RAM ÖУ¬µÈ´ýʶ±ð¸ùÉ豸£¬È»ºóÏñƽ³£Ò»Ñù´ÓÄÇÀï¼ÌÐøÒýµ¼¡£´Ó´ËÒԺ󣬿ÉÒÔÒƳýÈíÅÌ¡£

Èç¹ûÈíÅ̲»Êʺϣ¨ÀýÈ磬Èç¹û¼ÆËã»úûÓÐÈíÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷£©£¬Ôò¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÄܹ»Í¨¹ý BIOS Òýµ¼µÄÈκÎÉ豸¡£¾Í¸öÈ˶øÑÔ£¬ÎªÁËд×÷±¾ÎÄ£¬ÎÒʹÓÃСµÄ 32Mb USB ÅÌ¡£»òÕߣ¬Èç¹ûÄú²»½éÒâ¸Ä±äÄÚÖÃÓ²ÅÌÇý¶¯Æ÷µÄ»°£¬ÎªÁ˸ü±ãÓÚÒýµ¼£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚÆäÖд´½¨Ð¡µÄ·ÖÇø¡£